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Artificial Intelligence Applied to Law Enforcement

13.11.2024

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The Western Balkans Cyber Capacity Centre (WB3C) will host a training program on Artificial Intelligence (AI) Applied to Law Enforcement Agencies from November 13th to 15th, 2024, at its premises in Podgorica. This training is designed for leaders in law enforcement, the judiciary, and data protection agencies, focusing on the potential applications and implications of AI within the field of internal security.

Across three days, participants will engage with six modules, covering topics such as the role of AI in the private sector, generative AI, ethics and regulatory considerations, and specific applications of AI for law enforcement. Attendees will gain insights into how AI can enhance investigative processes while addressing relevant ethical and regulatory challenges. 

This course meets a strategic challenge defined by the AI Act to ensure that artificial intelligence systems (AIS) are used in a controlled and responsible manner.

The objectives of this course are

  • understanding how AI systems work
  • understanding the geopolitical and legal issues
  • defining an AI strategy dedicated to the LEA
  • AI applications for the protection of citizens
  • future prospects and challenges

The workshop will be led by two distinguished experts on artificial intelligence and robotics applied in homeland security, Dr. Ysens de France and Brigadier General Patrick Perrot. Their expertise will provide invaluable insights into the intersection of AI, law enforcement and national security, guiding discussions on the application of technology in homeland security and the fight against cybercrime.

This three-day training is organized for security officers and police investigators from the Western Balkans, highlighting the importance of continuous education and training of law enforcement officers in emerging technologies in order to keep up with the evolving threats in the digital space.

Dr. Ysens de France is a distinguished legal scholar specializing in artificial intelligence (AI) and military robotics, particularly in the realm of Lethal Autonomous Weapon Systems (LAWS). She earned her doctorate in public law with a focus on the legal implications of autonomous military systems on the battlefield. Her research offers a forward-looking and interdisciplinary perspective on the challenges posed by technological advancements in defense.

In her professional career, Dr. de France has held several notable positions:

  • Professor of AI and Law: Since September 2020, she has been teaching at aivancity School for Technology, Business & Society in Paris-Cachan, where she imparts knowledge on AI and robotics law.
  • AI Mission Officer: Beginning in January 2022, she has served as an AI mission officer for the French National Gendarmerie, advising on the development and deployment of AI tools within the organization.
  • Lecturer in Digital Law: Since January 2022, she has been teaching digital law and AI law at the University of Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne.

Dr. de France is also an expert member on AI and ethics at Hub FranceIA and serves as the Director of Prospective at the Institut Sapiens. Her extensive experience and research make her a leading authority on the intersection of law, AI, and military applications.

Brigadier General Patrick Perrot serves as the Coordinator for Artificial Intelligence and Data Strategy within the French Gendarmerie Nationale and as the AI Advisor to the Cyber Command at the Ministry of the Interior. Combining a strong academic background (PhD in AI) with extensive field experience, General Perrot has pioneered the application of AI in law enforcement, particularly in speaker and facial recognition and decision analysis, to enhance security and operational effectiveness. He is one of the architects of the AI strategy within the Gendarmerie Nationale, and his work continues to shape the integration of advanced technologies in national security.

 In addition to his role in the Gendarmerie, General Perrot is:

  • An associate researcher at the Artificial and Natural Intelligence Toulouse Institute (ANITI), where he contributes to the Chair of Law, Accountability and Social Trust in AI, as well as to the Center for the Studies and Treatment of Radicalization.
  • The founder of the "AI and Security" Chair, which fosters cooperation between the Ministry of the Interior and universities and contributes to research on emerging security issues to prepare for the future.
  • A member of the EU AI Board Expert Committee, where he contributes to the application of the AI Act.
  • Co-chair of the EU Strategic Group on AI, which gathers 16 law enforcement agencies.

Additionally, General Perrot is active in several think tanks, serving as a member of the administration council of Hub France IA and as a security expert at the EUROP IA Institute.

 


WB3C participates in the 8th Western Balkans Digital Summit

The eighth Western Balkans Digital Summit took place on 13 and 14 October, organised by Montenegro’s Ministry of Public Administration with the Regional Cooperation Council (RCC) and the European Union. It was part of Montenegro’s 2026 chairmanship of the #BerlinProcess, and the Leaders’ Summit follows on 22 October. More than 150 people from the region’s governments, EU institutions, industry and civil society attended.
Our Programme Director, Gilles Schwoerer, moderated the panel on “Cybersecurity & Building a Secure Digital Environment”. He led a discussion with people who deal with these issues every day:
 ◽ Samir Orahovac, former Acting Director, Agencija za sajber bezbjednost Crne Gore / Cybersecurity Agency of Montenegro
◽Denisa Kurtagic, Programme Manager Cybersecurity, DCAF - Geneva Centre for Security Sector Governance
◽Dusan Banovicć, Director, Service Development & Digital Transformation, Crnogorski Telekom
◽Vojtěch H. (Hons), EU Delegation, Sarajevo
 ◽Mladen Bukilic Bukilić, CISO/SOC Manager, Čikom

Having a regulator, a telecom operator, a SOC team, a donor and an EU delegation at one table is useful, because each of them sees a different part of the same weak spot. Digital identity, e-services and AI all rely on networks and institutions that can withstand an attack. 

The summit closed with a clear list of priorities for the region: mutual recognition of digital identities, digital identity wallets, more affordable roaming with the EU, improved connectivity and stronger cybersecurity cooperation. RCC Secretary General Amer Kapetanović said the task ahead is to connect the six economies, not only to digitalise them. It was a privilege for WB3C to moderate the cybersecurity discussion, and we look forward to the work that follows.

Hosting European journalists at WB3C: a conversation on hybrid threats in Montenegro

This week, we had the pleasure of welcoming a delegation of around 15 journalists from across the EU who came to Montenegro to better understand the hybrid threats the country is facing. The visit was supported by DG ENEST.
The group brought together reporters, editors and camera crews from L’Opinion and Le Nouvel Obs (France), Rai (Italy), Deutsche Welle (Germany), Deník N and TV Nova (Czechia), Kurier and Profil (Austria), and De Telegraaf (the Netherlands).
The programme included perspectives from two of Montenegro’s leading civil society voices invited by the EU Delegation in Montenegro, Zlatko Vujovic (CEMI) and Milica Kovačević (CDT), who shared their insights on how hybrid threats show up on the ground and what they mean for Montenegrin European perspective and upcoming general elections in 2027. 
On behalf of Western Balkans Cyber Capacity Centre (WB3C), Vanja Madzgalj MBE had the opportunity to show the journalists our facility and talk about our work, including our efforts on FIMI and disinformation. These are topics where good journalism and good cooperation matter a great deal. Our trainers for cybercrime Cyril CORRIAS and Jean-Pierre Bonnet (JP BNT) stirred particular interest in the work we do to support law enforcement and the judiciary in their fight against financial and crypto frauds, digital forensics, online and anti-drug investigations, cross-border trafficking, human smuggling, online sexual exploitation and much more. 

Thank you to our colleagues from DG ENEST, Jerneja Starič and Christina Moldt, and to Zeljka Lekic-Subasic from Ecorys for the smooth organisation. And thank you to all the journalists for your time, curiosity and the important work you do.
Hybrid threats don’t stop at borders, and neither should our conversations about them.

Cyber resilience starts with people

From 12 to 14 October, WB3C is in Herceg Novi with the Regional School of Public Administration (ReSPA) for an advanced Training of Trainers on Cyber Resilience and Data Protection. In the room are public administration professionals from across the Western Balkans, plus colleagues from Armenia, Moldova and Ukraine. The training runs alongside the Western Balkans Digital Summit, and participants are taking part in both.

Today, governments run more and more of their services on connected systems and data. When those systems fail, or when data is mishandled, citizens lose trust. Technology alone doesn’t solve the risks. You need people who know what to do, institutions that have thought it through in advance, and neighbours who share what they learn. That’s the thinking behind the three days.

✅ Day 1 is about preparedness: current cyber threats, governance, cyber hygiene, incident prevention and response, business continuity and crisis management, and the legal basis for data protection in the public sector.

✅ Day 2 gets practical on data protection. We’re working through GDPR principles, Records of Processing Activities, Data Protection Impact Assessments, transparency obligations and the rights of data subjects.

✅ Day 3 looks ahead: artificial intelligence, information sharing, cooperation between institutions, and how to train others well. Each participant leaves with an institutional action plan and a realistic way to pass this knowledge on at home.
Our experts Arianit Maraj and Stella Manga Chesnay are leading the sessions, drawing on their work in cybersecurity governance, institutional resilience and data protection.
The “training of trainers” format is deliberate. What happens in this room only counts if it travels, so we’re asking every participant to take it back to their own administration and share it with colleagues. The week is also a chance for Western Balkans and Eastern Partnership colleagues to compare notes on shared problems and find ways to keep working together.
Our Programme Director, Gilles Schwoerer, put it simply: “Cyber resilience is about more than technology. It requires skilled people, prepared institutions and strong regional cooperation.”
Thank you to our partners at ReSPA, and to Bojana Bajić for opening the event, and to everyone taking part this week.
 


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Disclaimer: Translations of the original content written in English into other languages are AI generated by Weglot.